Discuss the relationship between king Mpande ka Senzangakhona and voortrekkers or Boers.

Classify and evaluate the relationship between Mpande and voortrekkers.

Who was Mpande?

 Author: Mlungisi Zwelihle Gumede
                   Mpande with his slaves or izicathalala
Mpande was the son of Senzangakhona and half brother of Sgujana, Shaka and Dingane. He was born in 1798 at Babanango in Zululand now called Kwazulu natal, with the help of vootrekkers he assassinated his brother Dingane and became the king of Amazulu from 1840 to 1872. Mpande was viewed as the weakman in comparison to his predecessors. Dingane instructed his Chief induna Ndlela ka Sompisi to Assassinate Mpande, because Mpande was the only son who had many children killing him could mean the loss or zulukingdom and could disturb chronological succession of Zulu kings. Ndlela ka Sompisi decided alone not to kill Mapnde. As a result of his inability to do as he was instructed he was tortured to death by Dingane. After Mpande learned that Dingane mistrusted his loyalty and wanted to kill him, Mpande fled to zululand accross Umfula Uthukela Tugelar river. Mpande died on the 09th November 1872 at Nodwengu in Zululand and he was succeded by his son Cetshwayo.
Dingane
To trace their relationship let us first understand and know the term Voortrekkers and who were Voortrekkers. Voortrekkers is an Afrikaans term meaning those who trek ahead. These were the Dutch speaking people from Britain who Migrated from the Cape Colony to the interior Natal during 1830s to 1840s.  This movement was led by PietRetief; Pieter Uys, Garit Maritz, Andries Pretorious and other in search for grazing land in Natalia.

In the battle of Blood river 1838  between Dingane and Voortrekkers, Amazulu were hugely defeated. As a result of Dinganes failure to win the war Mpande realized that Dingane was weak. He asked voortrekkers to give him military support as he move back to Zululand to fight Dingane soon the Voortrekkers agreed to help him.  In 1840 Andries Pretorious and his 400 followers helped Mpande to revolt against his brother. Dingane was  was murdered in the north of Hlathikhulu Forest and as a result after Pretorious installed Mpande as the new king. Mpande became the first king of Amazulu to be installed by whites.

In 1854 Mpande granted Boer settlers and deed of session in the North of Kwa Zulu Natal in the boarder between Zululand and Transvaal.

In 1860 the comission was apointed to mark the boarder of new Republic of Uitrecht( land that Mpande ceeded in 1854). And the Boers wanted land from Uitrecht to St Helena bay on the North Coast. The commission was unsuccessful and land remained a disputed teritory. This angered Cetshwayo. Cetshwayos army camped in the Boarder of Boer Republic. Umtonga was seen as the treath to Cetshwayo as heir to become the throne. Cetshwayo promised Voortrekkers a piece of land only if they handed him his Brother uMtonga. Boers agreed in terms that they will assist him only if he could spare Mtonga. Mpande signed a deed of land from Buffalo River to the point of Phongola river. Umtonga fled Zululand to the colony of Natal in 1865. Cetshwayo felt that the agreement he made with the Boers was not fulfilled or done. He decided to claim the land that was given to the Boers by his father Mpande and this nearly caused the war.

Zulu summary 
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe Nkosi uMpande kanye nama  Bhunu.
.Ubudlelwane phakathi kwama Bhunu noMpande babubuhle kakhulu.
. Amabhunu alekelela umpande ukuze kufakwe umaka noma uphawu kwi ndodana yakhe u Cetshwayo endlebeni olwalukhombisa ukuthi nguyena ozolandela njengenkosi yama zulu.
. Abantu abaningi bakweshwama uku qokwa kwenkosi ezolandela enye isadla amabele.
. Amabhunu alekelela uMpande ekuketuleni umfowabo uDingane ozalwa ngomunye uMama.
. Amabhunu alekelela uMpande ukuze abuse amazulu.
. Umpande kwaba yinkosi yokuqala eyabekwa abamhlophe noma amaBhunu.
. Ama Bhunu inhloso yabo kwakungu thola uMhlaba esizweni sabantu abampisholo e Natali ngoba siyatshelwa lapha ukuthi kukho konke ayekwenzela umpande yayekhokhelwa ngoMhlaba.


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