The economic, intellectual and Ecclessiastical factors that contributed towards the outbreak of the French Revolution.
Doctor Maxuell Zakhele Shamase the Lecturer in University of Zululand. In AHIS 211 he ussually ask the following question.
Discuss how economic, interllectual and Ecclessiastical factors that contributed towards the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789
In this writings the causes that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution will be discussed. First the term Revolution will be defined and distinguished from the term evolution. The Political, Social, economic, interllectual and ecclisiastic causes of the French Revolution will be discussed fully.
Before moving further in discussing the causes of the French Revolution it is importance to understand and know the term Revolt. The word revolt refers to the changes undertaken by a small group of people to rebel against unwanted government and someone or something. The word Revolution comes from the word Revolt. Revolution means to rise against, to turn against, to reject something in a form of action, to voice your objection by taking decissive action, to deny orders and to rebel against established orders. However it is not agreed that everyone could use this definition because the definition of the word revolution differ from one person to another.
Some people also confuse the term revolution with the term evolution. These are two dinstinct terms that means different things or actions. However they are both talking about change, makes these definition differ from each other is that these changes take deferent forms. The word Revolution is not the same as evolution. The word evolution refers to the biological changes that happen on a biological organism. But in this case we are going to focus more not on Evolution but on the Causes of the French Revolution.
The Political causes of the French Revolution that led to its outbreak in 1789. In 18th century Louis XV was the king of France. On 10 May 1774 Louis XV deceased as he suffered from small pox. He was then replaced by Louis XVI who came into power at the agr of 20. He was an absolute Mornach, this means that he had total power to rule over everyone or everything in France. He made laws and excecuted them. Louis XVI married an Astralian woman Marrie Antoneitte. Their relationship were prepared by their parents when they were young (aged 15). This was done to establish a good relationship between Australia and France.
Marrie Antoneitte was extravagant and his husband Louis XVI they both lived oppulently in Palace (Versails) and neglecting other poor people of the lower class. Louis XVI was indecissive, he liked strange hobbies such as hunting, fishing, and repairing padlocks. He hated politics even though he was a king or a ruller. He spent a lot of money buying expensive things for himself and his wife Marrie. France people were angry and were against the leadership of XVI and the way he administered the state so they began to revolt against his governance.
Louis XVI used the "DEVINE RIGHT THEORY" to lead and administrate the state. He believed that God placed him into power, so when he was a state president, he believed that he was the representative of God. No one could question or oppose God. He used this theory to ensure that he had total power. Everything he daid was done by absolute or by force. However as time went on Philosophes, philosophers or great thinkers began to challenge this theory. They began to say no one ever see God and God put or places no one into power except himself. Ad the result of these philosophes they began to revolt against Louis XVI.
Laws and Judiciary as the political factor, Louis XVI had a total power to rule over a state and to rule over everything in France. He established laws and excecuted them. He appointed Judges and tax collectors. Judges were from the upperclass in the clergies. They earned huge salaries even without working. Laws were unwritten, unclear, unhuman. King Louis XVI used "lettre decachet" that allowed him to impose imprisonment of any person who was against his governance or admnistration. From 10th centuries up until 1789 there were lot of lettre de cachet that were printed to imprison critics or criticisers of his governance. As the result of this the French Revolution began.
The effect of American war of indipendance as an political factor that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution. Thirteen American colonies got engaged in a war. In 1776 France sent troops in America to assist in the war. As the result America became victorious, soudiers like Lafayat and other gained expirience and inspiration and they decided to come back to France to rebel against the unwanted unjust France government.
The social cause or factor that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution. Inequality among citizens in France led to chaos and Distruction. The society in France was divided into 3 estates. The standard of living from these estates were different. First estate ( Clergy) were divided into upper clergy and lesser clergy who owned land, paid no tax, occupied higher positions in a society, received more gifts from the King, and lived oppulently in palace.
The lesser clergy owned less land, received stipends from government, paid tax and they had no political rights. Rhe second estates nobles, were also divided into upper noble and lesser noble. The upper noble owned land, occupied higher positions in churches and received more salaries. The lesser noble paid tax and owned less land unlike the upper noble. The third estates were peasants, Bourgeoisie, Mechants, farmers and common people. These were the most inferior people in France. They paid all taxes. They owned no land, they did unpaid labour, they suffered from starvation and hunger. They were evicted from their houses if they did not paid tax. This caused them to revolt against the emperor and the Bourgeoisies joined them.
The economic causes or factors that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution of 1789. Feudal economy as an economic factor. From old regime until 18 centuries France people depended on Agriculture but after king Louis XVI came into power this changed. Farm workers had to pay tax. The king neglected agriculture and provided no funds to improve agriculure. People who depended on agriculture bagan to revolt and the economy began to decline in France.
The injustice of tax systems in Francd led to the Revolution and decline of the economy. Peasants paid more tax. Clergies and other people from higher estates were excluded from paying tax. Tax collectors were corrupt and uhuman. Louis XVI began to apoint a minister of Finanance by the name of Turgot. As he got into power he abolished everything that led to the rise of the cost of living in France. He gave freedom to factories and freed peasants from the unpaid labour.
Queen Marrie Antoneitte saw this as the threat to her luxurious life and influenced government to dismiss him. He was then dismissed. The new minister of Finance of finance was then appointed by the name of Necker. He borrowed a lot of money (loans) in trying to recover French economy, He also published a financial statement that reveal the income and expenditure of France in Building the Royal palace and in buying of weapons for wars. Necker abolished Feudalism and anounced that all people should pay ewual tax. For the first time in France people paid equal tax after 175 years of economic inequality.
Intellectual ot philosophers contributed to the outbreak of the French Revolution. In 18 century new theories regarding the science, state, society and religion came into existance. These philosophes caused the French People to become disatisfied with the existing conditions in France. One can argue and say that the spirit of the Revolution was born from the study of philosophes. They influenced people through their books. The French People were being prepared mentally for the revolution prior its outbreak. The new theories criticised the existing feudal order. The old society wsa undermined from within comparizon of political, Social and economic conditions prevailing France. These theories gave rise to a desire for a better future. The educators, mainly those of the 3rd estate became conscious of the bad and backward conditions and advocated important role in causing the Revolution.
Montesque as the philosopher gave his Famous theory of deparatipn power, In his book, spirit of laws, he said there are three factors of governance-legislative, Executive, and Judiciary. These factors should be separated from each other. Other wise there will be injustice with people. He strongly demanded it and parliamentary Democracy. He awekened people to overthrow the rule of France.
Voltare criticised church and luxurioud living of the clergies. Due to his writtings he was jailed, Voltare, monarchy and religious corruption were his subjects and he did not liked mobrule in Democracy. This philosoph played an important role towards the outbreak of the French Revolution.
The eccessiatical or religious factors that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution. The church people were extremely wealthy and her functionaries lived in luxury while comkon people lived in poverty. The church owned more land from that of the peasants and they got huge income at expenses of peasants. Churches were also exempted from taxation. The king appointed Archibishops and bishobs. The higher post were fillex by nobles. This also led to the outbreak of the French Revolution.
In the final analysis the political factors, social factors, economic factors, ecclessiastic factors and intellectual factors discussed above were the one who triggered the French Revolution. However in this case further readings is advised.
SOURCES:
Discuss how economic, interllectual and Ecclessiastical factors that contributed towards the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789
In this writings the causes that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution will be discussed. First the term Revolution will be defined and distinguished from the term evolution. The Political, Social, economic, interllectual and ecclisiastic causes of the French Revolution will be discussed fully.
Before moving further in discussing the causes of the French Revolution it is importance to understand and know the term Revolt. The word revolt refers to the changes undertaken by a small group of people to rebel against unwanted government and someone or something. The word Revolution comes from the word Revolt. Revolution means to rise against, to turn against, to reject something in a form of action, to voice your objection by taking decissive action, to deny orders and to rebel against established orders. However it is not agreed that everyone could use this definition because the definition of the word revolution differ from one person to another.
Some people also confuse the term revolution with the term evolution. These are two dinstinct terms that means different things or actions. However they are both talking about change, makes these definition differ from each other is that these changes take deferent forms. The word Revolution is not the same as evolution. The word evolution refers to the biological changes that happen on a biological organism. But in this case we are going to focus more not on Evolution but on the Causes of the French Revolution.
The Political causes of the French Revolution that led to its outbreak in 1789. In 18th century Louis XV was the king of France. On 10 May 1774 Louis XV deceased as he suffered from small pox. He was then replaced by Louis XVI who came into power at the agr of 20. He was an absolute Mornach, this means that he had total power to rule over everyone or everything in France. He made laws and excecuted them. Louis XVI married an Astralian woman Marrie Antoneitte. Their relationship were prepared by their parents when they were young (aged 15). This was done to establish a good relationship between Australia and France.
Marrie Antoneitte was extravagant and his husband Louis XVI they both lived oppulently in Palace (Versails) and neglecting other poor people of the lower class. Louis XVI was indecissive, he liked strange hobbies such as hunting, fishing, and repairing padlocks. He hated politics even though he was a king or a ruller. He spent a lot of money buying expensive things for himself and his wife Marrie. France people were angry and were against the leadership of XVI and the way he administered the state so they began to revolt against his governance.
Louis XVI used the "DEVINE RIGHT THEORY" to lead and administrate the state. He believed that God placed him into power, so when he was a state president, he believed that he was the representative of God. No one could question or oppose God. He used this theory to ensure that he had total power. Everything he daid was done by absolute or by force. However as time went on Philosophes, philosophers or great thinkers began to challenge this theory. They began to say no one ever see God and God put or places no one into power except himself. Ad the result of these philosophes they began to revolt against Louis XVI.
Laws and Judiciary as the political factor, Louis XVI had a total power to rule over a state and to rule over everything in France. He established laws and excecuted them. He appointed Judges and tax collectors. Judges were from the upperclass in the clergies. They earned huge salaries even without working. Laws were unwritten, unclear, unhuman. King Louis XVI used "lettre decachet" that allowed him to impose imprisonment of any person who was against his governance or admnistration. From 10th centuries up until 1789 there were lot of lettre de cachet that were printed to imprison critics or criticisers of his governance. As the result of this the French Revolution began.
The effect of American war of indipendance as an political factor that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution. Thirteen American colonies got engaged in a war. In 1776 France sent troops in America to assist in the war. As the result America became victorious, soudiers like Lafayat and other gained expirience and inspiration and they decided to come back to France to rebel against the unwanted unjust France government.
The social cause or factor that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution. Inequality among citizens in France led to chaos and Distruction. The society in France was divided into 3 estates. The standard of living from these estates were different. First estate ( Clergy) were divided into upper clergy and lesser clergy who owned land, paid no tax, occupied higher positions in a society, received more gifts from the King, and lived oppulently in palace.
The lesser clergy owned less land, received stipends from government, paid tax and they had no political rights. Rhe second estates nobles, were also divided into upper noble and lesser noble. The upper noble owned land, occupied higher positions in churches and received more salaries. The lesser noble paid tax and owned less land unlike the upper noble. The third estates were peasants, Bourgeoisie, Mechants, farmers and common people. These were the most inferior people in France. They paid all taxes. They owned no land, they did unpaid labour, they suffered from starvation and hunger. They were evicted from their houses if they did not paid tax. This caused them to revolt against the emperor and the Bourgeoisies joined them.
The economic causes or factors that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution of 1789. Feudal economy as an economic factor. From old regime until 18 centuries France people depended on Agriculture but after king Louis XVI came into power this changed. Farm workers had to pay tax. The king neglected agriculture and provided no funds to improve agriculure. People who depended on agriculture bagan to revolt and the economy began to decline in France.
The injustice of tax systems in Francd led to the Revolution and decline of the economy. Peasants paid more tax. Clergies and other people from higher estates were excluded from paying tax. Tax collectors were corrupt and uhuman. Louis XVI began to apoint a minister of Finanance by the name of Turgot. As he got into power he abolished everything that led to the rise of the cost of living in France. He gave freedom to factories and freed peasants from the unpaid labour.
Queen Marrie Antoneitte saw this as the threat to her luxurious life and influenced government to dismiss him. He was then dismissed. The new minister of Finance of finance was then appointed by the name of Necker. He borrowed a lot of money (loans) in trying to recover French economy, He also published a financial statement that reveal the income and expenditure of France in Building the Royal palace and in buying of weapons for wars. Necker abolished Feudalism and anounced that all people should pay ewual tax. For the first time in France people paid equal tax after 175 years of economic inequality.
Intellectual ot philosophers contributed to the outbreak of the French Revolution. In 18 century new theories regarding the science, state, society and religion came into existance. These philosophes caused the French People to become disatisfied with the existing conditions in France. One can argue and say that the spirit of the Revolution was born from the study of philosophes. They influenced people through their books. The French People were being prepared mentally for the revolution prior its outbreak. The new theories criticised the existing feudal order. The old society wsa undermined from within comparizon of political, Social and economic conditions prevailing France. These theories gave rise to a desire for a better future. The educators, mainly those of the 3rd estate became conscious of the bad and backward conditions and advocated important role in causing the Revolution.
Montesque as the philosopher gave his Famous theory of deparatipn power, In his book, spirit of laws, he said there are three factors of governance-legislative, Executive, and Judiciary. These factors should be separated from each other. Other wise there will be injustice with people. He strongly demanded it and parliamentary Democracy. He awekened people to overthrow the rule of France.
Voltare criticised church and luxurioud living of the clergies. Due to his writtings he was jailed, Voltare, monarchy and religious corruption were his subjects and he did not liked mobrule in Democracy. This philosoph played an important role towards the outbreak of the French Revolution.
The eccessiatical or religious factors that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution. The church people were extremely wealthy and her functionaries lived in luxury while comkon people lived in poverty. The church owned more land from that of the peasants and they got huge income at expenses of peasants. Churches were also exempted from taxation. The king appointed Archibishops and bishobs. The higher post were fillex by nobles. This also led to the outbreak of the French Revolution.
In the final analysis the political factors, social factors, economic factors, ecclessiastic factors and intellectual factors discussed above were the one who triggered the French Revolution. However in this case further readings is advised.
SOURCES:
Comments
Post a Comment
you will be answered as soon as we can.